The recent Financial Inclusion 2020 conference took a very private-sector focus to financial inclusion, with headliners such as Citigroup and MasterCard CEOs, demonstrating the shared importance of financial inclusion across all types of institutions. It also illustrated the enormity of the problem at hand, and subsequently the proximity of the year 2020 by which to address it. Participants agreed that an integral aspect of this gap is solving the puzzle of how financial institutions can evaluate risk for information-scarce micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and do so while keeping transaction costs low.