Empowering women and fully engaging them in the business and economic sectors has become a key global development priority, particularly in the Asia Pacific region where significant gender gaps in economic participation persist. To increase understanding of economic opportunities in Indonesia, The Asia Foundation conducted a study to assess factors that influence access to trade and growth for women run or owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs play a vital role in Asian economic development, representing a majority of businesses in the region and a major source of employment. In Indonesia, SMEs represent approximately 57% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and employ more than 96% of its workforce. Women own about 23% of SMEs in Indonesia, and this figure is growing by 8% annually, while the number of SMEs owned by men is actually dropping. Thus, the success of the nation's overall economy hinges in no small part on the success of these firms with the contribution from women owned firms becoming increasingly critical to economic growth.